Negation Kokborok

Coordination

Coordination wngkha Independent sentence eba sak sak bachai mannai kokbwtang yakheba complete kokbwtang tei sak sak bachai manya kokbwtang eba dependent sentence no thepana thangthani je kokthai kwcharo thepajagwi complete kokbwtang wngo abonono hino Coordination.

Subordination

Subordination wngkha jephuru phano dependent clause ni verb o thepajaknai eba thepawi je sentence no compliment khaimani.

Phunukmari :

Bo phungo phai

Ang tini thangnai

Sakani o kokbwtangno naiwi naikhe puilani kokbwtango compliment sentence kwrwi, phiya tolani kokbwtang khe compliment sentence tongo. Phiya o kainwi kokbwtangno thepana thangkha  hinkhe Subordination word nango.

Phunukmari :

Bo phungo  phai   +ya+ khe    Ang tini thangnai.

                  Verb↲                  ↳Subordination word

Chwng o phunukmari-ni bisingtwi nugo depentent sentence ni verb o subordination kokthai thepajagwi  kaisa compliment  sentence  wngmani. 

Negation ( ya/ yana/ yakhu/ liya/ liyana/ ta/ kwrwi)

 -gwlak = Jephuru uncertain aphuru Negation thepajago.

                               ex- Bo phaigwlak

Negation wngkha kunu mungsaswk wngya eba gosiyani kokno sajakmani.

1988 bisio Dryer mungwi khoroksa hayungni kokbosongo je SOV ni dalo khopjaknairogni Negation paithago achugo hwnwi sakha phiyaba kokborogo kogo hinkhe Negation-ni mari kokchwlwini paithak tei puilaobo achugo.

Phunukmari :

               ta + thangdi / bo mwnwi+ya
               ⇩                                            ⇩
            Negation                                    Negation

Verbal clause

Je kokbwtango kaisa subject tei kaisa verb baino kokbwtang wngo  abonono hino Verbal clause.

Phunukmari : 

        Bo mwnwi+o            Bo mwnwi+ya
          ↧         ↧                       ↧         ↧
          S         V                         S         V 

                      

Sakani o phunukmario naiwi naikhe nugo verb eba kokchwlwini ulo 'O' 'Ya' thepajakmano hinkhe Post verbal hinjago.

Nominal clause

Je kokbwtang kainwi Noun eba Mung baino kaisa kokbwtang wngo abono Nominal clause.

Phunukmari :

*Anil + Daktor =     Anil Daktor

                 Noun↲           ↳Noun              

*Anil + Daktorya  =       Anil Daktorya

    Noun↲               ↳Noun

                  

O kokbwtangno naiwi naikhe nugo oro verb kwrwi. Obohai sentence-nono Nominal clause hino.

Negative Imperative Noun

Kokborok kogo jephuru chwng 2nd person eba sajaknai khorokno mungsaswk dagimani tei mana khwlaimani kokbwtangno Negative Imperative hino.

Phunukmari : ta thang + di = ta thangdi

                           ta phai + di = ta phaidi

                           ta walai + di = ta walaidi

Sakani o kokbwtango Negative Imperative khwlaina thangkhe kokchwlwini ukolugo suffix/wakhwlai ( di ) thepajakmani abo 2nd person-no sajak phuru simino thepajago tei thepajaknai.

Negative hortative

Negative hortative bo Negative imperative kahaino. Phiyaba obo hinkhe 3rd person-no saphuru simino kokchwlwi eba Verbni ukolugo ( -thun ) thepajagwi.

Phunukmari :
       
      Bo ta thang+thun = Bo ta thangthun

O phunukmarini thangthun hinmani kokthai abo 3rd person-no saphuru simino thepajaknai. Obo 1st tei 2nd person-no saphururogo thepajakya.

Interogative (WH-word)

Swngmano rwgwi sajak kokbwtangno swngmung kokbwtang/Interogative sentence hino. English kogo WH Question swngmung kokbwtang puilao achuk phano Kokborok kogo o swngmungni mari eba WH Question puilao, kwcharo tei paithago achugo.

Phunukmari :

Nini mung tamo ?

Nwng boroni phai ?

Tamo khai tong ?

Sakani o kokbwtango chwng nugo swngmung eba Interogative ni symbol kokborok kogo puila, kwchar tei paithago bo achugwi mano.

Polar Question (YES/NO)

Je swngmungno chwng 'i tei ihe'  hwnwi phirokmung rio abonono hino Polar Question.

Tag Question

Tag Question wngkha chwng je kaisa  statement riwi eba swrai swrai jesa kokphano sawi paiwi taisa haino hai baithangno swngmung  swngmani. 

Phunukmari :

He is good, isn't he ? English

Bo borok kaham hai-yada ? Kokborok

Sakani o phunuk marino naiwi naikhe nugo 'Bo borok kaham' hwnwi sawi paima logi logino taisa 'hai-yada' hwnwi sajakha. Obohairog kokbwtangnono Tag question hinjago.

Alternative Question

Alternative question-ni phunukmarirog wngkha-

Will you eat or not eat ? ENGLISH

Nwng cha-nai-da cha-ya ? KOKBOROK

Kok hinkhe Alternative question wngkha tai kaisa lama tongo hinmani. romdi kokborok kokni phunuk mario chwng nukkha ''Nwng cha-nai-da cha-ya''. Tabuk o swngmungni bisingtwi romwi nai mano je swngjaknai chaya phano tei kubuni phano chai mano. Abohai swngmung kokbwtangnono Alternative question hinjago. 👇

                                                   ↱Interogative                 ↱Inter.

 Nwng   cha+  nai   +  da +  cha +  ya

          verb↲           ↳Border Question marker                                         

O Alternative Question kokbwtango verb kainwi tongnai tei puilani verb o Border Question marker thepajakmani ulo Interogative symbol thepajao, abo ulo tai kaisa verb o khe Border question marker thepajakyawi Intergative symbol simi thepajago.  Abo chwng sakani phunukmarino naikhaino saimano.

Locative/ Possessive/ Existential construction

Mungsaswk thaini kok sajakhe yakheba nikumani kok sajakhe, abonono hino  locative.

Phunukmari : Bini nok tongo

                         Bini nok kwrwi

Infinite clause (to)

Wngma gwnang eba cause gwnang kokbwtangno hino Infinite clause. 

Phunukmari :

*Bo chana thangkha= Oro mungsa wngma kwrwi ❌   

*Bo chanani thangkha= Oro mungsa wngma tongo✔  

*Bo thuna thango = Oro mungsa wngma kwrwi ❌ 
*Bo thunani thango = Oro Mungsa wngma tongo✔

Sakani o phunukmarini cause gwnang kokbwtang kokno Infinite clauseni phunukmari hinjago.

Condition clause

Conditional Clause wngkha kaisa kokbwtango kainwi subject tongnai tei aboni logio kainwi situation tongnai.

Phunukmari :

Bo tini phaikhe ang khwna thangnai

Concessive Clause

Concessive clause-ni phunukmari- Bo thang phano ang thangya

Counterfactual Clause

Wngna tongmani wngliya abohai kokbwtangno chwng Chwng  (-mu). thepawi kok sao.

Phunukmari :

Chwng miya malkhungni kwlaikhamu

Concessive Conditional Clause

Mungsaswk condition tongphano khwlainai, charinai hwnwi chwng je jora rwgwi kok sao aphuru conditional Clause thepawi kok sajago. 
Phunukmari-

Watwi wakhe phano________________________.



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